Coordination chemistry
Coordination chemistry is the study of compounds formed between metal ions and other neutral or negatively charged molecules such as [Co(NH2CH2CH2NH2)2ClNH3]2+ Cl22-. In this formulation, Co(NH2CH2CH2NH2)2ClNH3]2+ is known as a metal complex, which is a charged species consisting of metal ion bonded to one or more groups of molecules. The bonded molecules are called ligand. The little picture shown here depicts a structure of a 6-coordinated complex.
A common metal complex is Ag(NH3)2+, formed when Ag+ ions are mixed with neutral ammonia molecules.
Ag+ + 2 NH3 -> Ag(NH3)2+
A complex Ag(S2O3)23- is formed between silver ions and negative thiosulfate ions:
Ag+ + 2 S2O32- -> Ag(S2O3)23-
Metal complexes are also called coordination compounds. Their structures are important data and properties. Compounds having the same chemical formula but different structures are called isomers. Isomers with different geometric arrangements of ligands are called geometric isomers whereas isomers whose structures are mirror images of each other are called optical isomers. When a beam of polarized light passes optical isomers or their solutions, the plane of polarization rotates in different directions. The beam rotates to the left for one isomer, and right for its mirror image.
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